A submission by QUNO to the 6th session of the Human Rights Council.

This leaflet provides an introduction to the Geneva Declaration process, which highlights the links between demand for arms to crucial development questions.

In 2005 the Council for Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPs) of the World Trade Organization (WTO) extended the transition period for Least-developed countries (LDCs) to implement the TRIPS Agreement, until 2013. This paper draws attention to technical assistance issues arising out of the extension decision, and suggests ideas on how to think about what assistance may be required, and how priority assessments may be done.

The UN has created a brand new human rights body.  On 15 March 2006, the General Assembly adopted resolu- tion A/Res/60/251 by an overwhelming majority to establish a Human Rights Council. Elections for the new 47- member intergovernmental body will be held on 9 May, with the first session set to take place in Geneva from 19 –30 June 2006. This briefing paper looks at a human rights system in transition.

This document discusses how to enhance and strengthen the effectiveness of the special procedures of the UN Commission on Human Rights (predecessor to the UN Human Rights Council).

Access to plant genetic resources for food and agriculture, and the conservation of such resources is vital, as it has far-reaching implications for food security. Patents can hinder access to plant resources for breeding purposes. He discusses the position of several key actors relating to disclosure of origin, says that disclosure of source is not a problem for the seed industry (ISF), the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC), and the Biotechnology Industry Association (BIO).

The author of this Occasional Paper argues that developing countries should not require patents on plant resources as they go against their interest and the interests of their citizens. He discusses the merits of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS) system for plant genetic resources and finds that the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA) should be the sui generis system of choice to achieve the objectives of ABS. In the view of the author, plant varieties out of plant variety protection (PVP) should be deposited in a seed bank (independent from UPOV), as this would be more useful than getting an agreement on disclosure of origin.

This submission discusses how children without parental care are most vulnerable to becoming child soldiers, not only in times of armed conflict, but also in peacetime. It particularly mentions children under 18 years of age in State institutions, who may be recruited into Government armed forces. The submission includes recommendations for the Committee on the Rights of the Child (CRC).

References to Conscientious Objection in the documents submitted to, and resolutions of, the 61st session of the UN Commission on Human Rights, March to April 2005.

References to Women in Prison and Children of Imprisoned Mothers in the documents submitted to, and resolutions of, the 61st session of the UN Commission on Human Rights, March-April 2005.